Pancreatitis is a long-term and complex disease of the pancreas with multifactorial causes. One of them - a strong violation of the norms of consumption of fatty foods, overeating, addiction to alcohol. Compliance with special dietary guidelines for pancreatitis is half the success of treatment.
The pancreatitis diet is designed to replace and supplement the menu with those substances that are poorly processed due to a lack of pancreatic enzymes.
Some patients think that nutritional therapy for pancreatitis is no different from diet 5a and continue to follow its recommendations. This is understandable because most people initially received long-term treatment for cholecystitis, gallstone disease, or hepatitis. They are familiar with Tables 5a and 5, which establish the nutritional standards necessary for these diseases.
But if pancreatitis is detected, the diet will have to be modified 5a. The changes that occur when the pancreas is damaged require correcting the protein, fat and carbohydrate content. The diet for patients with pancreatitis is called "5p". It has increased the protein content up to 150 g (in No. 5 100-120 g), has reduced the amount of fats (in No. 5 at least 70 g) and carbohydrates (in No. 5 The rules forcooking and restricting food choices are still common.
Essential Dietary Requirements
The proposed rules of diet # 5p do not exclude the use of concomitant diseases of the digestive system. They are important in creating maximum discharge from the pancreas.
- Cook food only boiled, stewed, baked or steamed. The method of frying is completely prohibited.
- Observe the preservation of the damaged organ by grinding all the dishes during the most acute stage of the disease.
- Moderate temperature required (no sudden fluctuations from cold to hot).
- It is necessary to feed the patient with small amounts of food, but every 3-4 hours.
- Avoid large meals at one sitting, overeating even diet meals.
- Maintain a daily caloric intake of at least 3000 kcal.
Povzner's recommended dietary charts take into account options for periods of exacerbation and beyond, when pain has subsided, but maintaining and continuing proper nutrition in pancreatitis is very important.
5p diet option for exacerbation of pancreatitis
The clinical manifestations of acute and chronic pancreatitis in the acute stage (acute pain, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea) do not allow the patient to eat in the usual way. The treatment regimen requires a complete fast for two to four days. Nor can it be drunk, in the first days the liquid is injected intravenously.
After stopping vomiting and pain, an initial 5p diet is prescribed. Its objective is to reduce the formation of gastric acid and allow the pancreas to concentrate all its forces in the process of fighting for survival.
The diet allows a period of use not exceeding two weeks, since its composition is not balanced (proteins are reduced to 60 g, fats up to 50 g, carbohydrates up to 200-280 g, with a caloric contenttotal of 1800 kcal). Of course, bed rest and lack of physical activity are recommended.
The menu of the dietary table of a patient with pancreatitis consists of mashed mucous cereal soups, liquid cereals in water (semolina and rice are excluded), mashed potatoes or carrots with the addition of zucchini, boiled pumpkin(all types of cabbage are excluded), jelly, jelly, puddings, a few white cookies. Everything is served and cooked without oil. You can drink water up to 2 liters, rosehip broth, slightly sweet weak tea. After this option, on the recommendation of a doctor, they switch to the second type of food.
Diet without exacerbation of pancreatitis
The beginning of an effective recovery process is judged by the normalization of temperature, a decrease in the frequency of diarrhea, and the absence of pain. The diet for pancreatitis is expanding, but the maximum norms for protein, fat and carbohydrates are observed. It is necessary to include a vitamin set in the current therapeutic diet to activate the body's defenses. The patient must follow this diet throughout his life.
The pancreatitis diet categorically prohibits:
- fatty meats, fish and rich vegetarian soups (with cabbage or mushrooms);
- fatty beef and pork, duck;
- lard and cooking oil;
- smoked meats, hot sandwiches, sauces, canned foods in any form, hot dogs;
- rich cakes, culinary creams, chocolate, cakes, black bread;
- from vegetables, the diet for pancreatitis does not recommend radishes, cabbage, turnips, sorrel, spinach;
- carbonated drinks, beer, alcohol, coffee.
Recommended products and meals:
- dry white bread or crackers, dry crackers;
- Steamed, baked, lean meat and poultry dishes, meatballs, meatballs and meat stews;
- cereal soups, with noodles, can be seasoned with sour cream;
- non-acid cottage cheese, hard cheese varieties;
- butter or vegetable oil should be added directly to the dish, no more than one tablespoon per day;
- semi-liquid porridge, boiled in water or diluted milk;
- baked apples, jelly or fruit compote without sugar;
- tea lightly brewed with milk or rose hips in broth, slightly sweetened.
The Pancreatitis In Remission Diet recommends the following sample menu for a person who works during the day:
- Breakfast before work: You can make a steamed protein omelette with two eggs or half a serving of oatmeal with milk, tea with milk.
- Breakfast n. 2 (at lunch time) - take boiled meat with mashed potatoes or vegetables, half a packet of cottage cheese; If at work you have the opportunity to microwave it, be sure to use it.
- Slightly sweet tea.
- Lunch (at home after work): half plate of vegetarian potato soup, steamed meatballs with vegetable puree, apple jelly with xylitol.
- Dinner: a piece of boiled chicken, cottage cheese casserole, tea with milk.
- In the evening (no later than 21 hours) fruit jelly with xylitol.
It is possible to take unpolished vegetables and fruits, as well as expand the diet only with the consent of a doctor, after an examination, to ensure that the enzymatic activity of the pancreas is restored and that there is no inflammation.